“5•12”汶川地震中都江堰生态恢复

Study on ecological restoration of Dujiangyan after “5•12”

摘要:

本研究综合考虑高程、坡度等地形因素及生物多样性、水源涵养等生态系统服务功能因素，全面、快速评价灾后生态系统恢复效果，探索地震灾后生态恢复评价新方法.以“5•12”汶川地震中都江堰生态恢复为例，综合地震及次生灾害引发的关键生态问题，建立关键性生态用地空间格局.结果表明：与2005年相比2011年生态用地总面积减少12.88 km2，地震前后土地利用类型均有明显的向建筑用地转移的现象，关键性生态用地重要性变化率为地质灾害＞水源涵养＞生物多样性.从结果分析看，震后第三年，生物多样性、水源涵养、地质灾害指标多已恢复并且超过地震前，损失部分多在都江堰西北区，该区滑坡、泥石流等发生频繁.

Abstract:

This study comprehensively considers topographic factors such as elevation, slope, ecosystem service factors, biodiversity and water conservation, to comprehensively and quickly evaluate the recovery effect of postdisaster ecosystems and explore new methods for ecological restoration assessment after earthquakes. Taking the ecological restoration of Dujiangyan in the “5.12” Wenchuan earthquake as an example, the key ecological problems caused by earthquakes and secondary disasters were integrated, and the spatial pattern of key ecological land was established. The results show that compared with 2005, the total area of ecological land decreased by 12.88 km2 in 2011. The land use types before and after the earthquake have an obvious transfer to construction land. The importance of key ecological land use rate is geological disaster＞water conservation＞Diversity. From the results analysis, in the third year after the earthquake, the indicators of biodiversity, water conservation, and geological disasters have been restored and exceeded the preearthquake. Most of the losses are in the northwest of Dujiangyan, where landslides and mudslides occur frequently.