成都市成人血、尿液重金属浓度及铅同位素比

Concentration of heavy metals and ratios of lead isotope in human whole blood and urine from Chengdu

摘要:

在成都市城市及农村地区共采集了98份成人血液和42份成人尿液样品，利用ICP-MS分析了Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Sn等14种重金属浓度和铅同位素比. 城市成人血液中重金属几何平均浓度(GM)为0.01~3129.06 μg/g胆固醇，城市成人尿液中重金属GM为n.d.~275.26 μg/g肌酐，农村成人血液中重金属GM为0.02~3353.58 μg/g胆固醇. 研究发现城市成人血液与尿液重金属浓度不存在显著相关，但同一介质各重金属之间存在一定的相关性，城市、农村成人血液中Cd、Pb、Sr、Tl、Co、Cu、Ni、V、Zn的浓度存在显著性差异(P<0.05)，城市成人血液、尿液，农村成人血液中大部分元素在性别方面不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)；主成分分析发现膳食是城市和农村血液重金属的重要来源，但来源也存在差别：城市成人血液重金属来源还有燃煤燃烧、合金制造和交通活动，农村的来源则是矿石开采，农药、化肥、油漆、电子产品等的使用，整体而言，四种同位素以208Pb为主，206Pb、207Pb次之，204Pb占比最低.

Abstract:

A total of 98 bloods and 42 urines were collected to estimate 14 heavy metals and lead isotopic ratio in adults from Chengdu using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The geometric mean concentrations (GMs) of the heavy metals in the whole blood of urban adults are in the range of 0.01 to 3 129.06 μg/g cholesterol, and n.d. to 275.26 μg/g urinary creatinine in the urine of adults from rural area, while the GMs of the heavy metals in the whole blood of rural adults are in the range of 0.02 to 3353.58 μg/g cholesterol. No significant correlation is found in heavy metal concentration between urban blood and urine, but there is a certain correlation among the heavy metals in the same medium. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Sr, Tl, Co, Cu, Ni, V and Zn in the blood of urban and rural adults are significantly different (P<0.05). There is no significant difference in sex between the concentration of the heavy metals in urban adults’ blood, urine and rural adults’ blood (P>0.05). Diet is an important source of heavy metals in the urban and rural blood, and urban heavy metal sources include coal burning, alloy manufacturing and transportation activities, while rural sources contain the mining of ore, the use of pesticides, fertilizers, paints, etc. Generally, the four lead isotopes are in the order of 208Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, and 204Pb.