无错区分两个任意分布的未知纬线态

Programmable unambiguous discriminator between two arbitrarily distributed unknown latitudinal states

摘要:

量子态分辨在量子信息和量子计算领域中是一个非常重要的问题.在量子通讯理论和实验的研究过程中，经常要用到赤道态，它是一种比较特殊的纬线态.本文主要利用了Neumark定理和可编程量子态分辨器的光学实现方法来研究如何无错区分两个任意分布的未知纬线态，推导出了测量算符和对应的成功概率，并且发现本文得到的测量算符与无错区分均匀分布纬线态得到的最优测量算符是一样的.这些结果对实验室中构造可编程量子分辨器具有重要参考意义.

Abstract:

Quantum state discrimination is a very important problem in the field of quantum information and quantum computation. Usually，the equatorial state, a special latitudinal state, is often used to study quantum communication both from theoretical and experimental perspectives. In this paper, we mainly use Neumark's theorem and the optical realization of the programmable quantum state discriminator to investigate how to unambiguously discriminate two unknown latitudinal states of arbitrary distribution. The detection operators and the successful probability are derived. Furthermore, we find that the detection operators obtained in this paper are the same as the optimal detection operators obtained from the unambiguous discrimination of two unknown latitudinal states of uniform distribution. These results have important reference significance for the construction of the programmable quantum discriminator in laboratory.